The Karma Kagyu tradition originated with Dusum Khyenpa, a disciple of Gampopa, who was posthumously given the title of First Karmapa. The seat of the tradition was initially Karma Gon in Kham, and then Tolung Tsurpu near Lhasa. The Karma Kagyu tradition has since its beginning maintained close ties to the Nyingma tradition. In addition to the Karmapa incarnations, other major lines associated with the Karma Kagyu include the Zhamarpa, Situ, and Kongtrul lines.